![]() Here, we attempt to summarize (in alphabetical order) some of the polaritonic nomenclature in the two subfields. Among the unintended consequences of these divisions is the ambiguity in polaritonic terminology with the same terms used markedly differently in QMs and cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) with atomic systems. Until fairly recently, these subfields of contemporary physics evolved largely independently of each other. As such, the notion of polaritons is a unifying universal concept between the fields of quantum materials (QMs) and quantum optics/electrodynamics. More rigorously, a polariton is a quantum mechanical superposition of a photon with a matter excitation, the latter being a collective mode in solids and superconducting circuits or an electron in atoms, molecules or even superconducting qubits. Polaritons inherit their attributes from both their light and matter constituents. Polaritons are commonly described as light–matter hybrid quasiparticles.
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